Urinary bladder cancer in Yemen

The aims of this study are to highlight the clinicopathological features of urinary bladder cancer in Yemen, and to describe the histological grading of urothelial neoplasms according to the World Health Organization and International Society of Urologic pathology [WHO/ISUP 1998] classification. This is a descriptive record-based study of 316 cases of bladder cancer diagnosed by two pathologists at the Department of pathology, Sana'a University from 1st January 2005 to 30th April 2009. The diagnoses were made on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections and categorized according to WHO/ISUP 1998 classification. Out of 316 urinary bladder cancers, 248 [78%] were urothelial neoplasms, 53 [17%] were squamous cell carcinoma, 7 [2%] were adenocarcinoma, and 3 [1%] were rhabdomyosarcoma. The remaining cases were metastatic carcinomas [n=3], small cell carcinoma [n=1], and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [n=1]. The urothelial neoplasms observed were carcinoma in situ 4 [2%], papilloma 7 [3%], papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential 26 [11%], papillary urothelial carcinoma of low grade 107 [43%], papillary urothelial carcinoma of high grade 18 [7%], and non-papillary urothelial carcinoma of high grade 85 [34%], with 60 years mean age for males and 58 years for females; along with a male to female ratio of 4:1. The peak incidence was observed in the 61-70 years age group. This study documents a high frequency of urothelial neoplasms, mostly papillary urothelial carcinoma of low grade and non-papillary urothelial carcinoma of high grade with male preponderance and peak incidence in 6th decade of age.

Histopathology of gastric cancer in Yemen: a seven years retrospective analysis

Gastric cancer [GC] is a major contributor to the global burden of cancer morbidity and mortality. It is the fourth most commonly occurring worldwide. To describe the general pattern of primary GC in Yemen and compare the findings of patients' age, sex, histological type and degree of differentiation to findings from other Middle Eastern countries and the rest of the world. This is a descriptive record-based study of 517 cases of GC in the Department of pathology, Sana'a University, Yemen, for seven years period. The diagnosis was made on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections and categorized the cases of gastric malignancies according to histological type. Out of 517 cases of GC, 183 [35.4%] were females and 286 [64.6%] were males with 1:1.8 female to male ratio. The commonest type of GC was adenocarcinoma comprising, 462 [89.3%] of which female and male cases were 166 [36%] and 296 [64%] respectively. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas accounted, for 38 [7.4%]. The rest of the cases were nine undifferentiated malignancies, four leiomyosarcoma, two gastrointestinal malignant stromal tumors, one adenosquamous and the last one was carcinoid. Male preponderance was seen in all malignancies. The mean age for adenocarcinoma in females was 55.9 years and 59.5 years in males. Well-differentiated adenocarcinomas accounted for 45.7% followed by moderately-differentiated 22.1%. The poorly differentiated and signet ring cell carcinomas accounted for 6.2% and 9.5% respectively. The frequency of GC in Yemen revealing similar features in age, sex and hitological types with that reported from high incidence areas

Study of common food habits among students of health colleges in dammam and its relation to lifestyle, social, economical, and health factors

Saudi society is one of the gulf societies that changed dramatically during the last three decades. The changes include life style, nutrition pattern and food habits. This study aimed to identify the common food habits among students of health colleges, beside clarifying its relation with other factors. A sample of 645 students [401 male and 244 female] aged 18 to 24 years were chosen from the two health colleges in Dammam. Data about socioeconomic status, health history, anthropometric measurements, and food habits were collected. Also, a special food habits measure consists of 25 parameters were used for classifying students according to their food habits. According to this measure, students were classified into three groups; students with bad food habits [BFH]; acceptable food habits [AFH]; and excellent food habits [EFH]. The results showed that 55.96% of students had bad food habits, and 35.97% had acceptable food habits, while 8.07% had excellent food habits. Also, the bad food habits were more common among males than females [66.8% vs. 38.1% respectively]. The majority of BHF group do not eat three meals daily; less than one fifth of them drink milk daily; 90.0% drink carbonated beverages daily; and the daily consumption from carbonated beverages among BHF group was significantly higher than AHF group [2.1 +/- 1.3 vs. 1.2 +/- 1.0 time/day respectively] [P<0.05]. The education of the majority of BHF and AHF fathers had less than university degree [79.3% and 82.4% respectively] while the education of the majority of fathers of EHF group had university degree or higher. In contrary the mother education had no effect where the education of more than 75% of mothers in this study was less than university. Moreover, more than 50% of EHF group suffer from underweight. In conclusion the majority of health sciences college students had bad food habits particularly males, and father education determine the acquired food habits. This study recommend promotion of healthy eating, habits and physical activity

Frequency and pattern of Hodgkin's disease in Karachi, Pakistan

A study of 137 cases of Hodgkin's disease [HD] was carried out in the department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute [BMSI], Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre [JPMC], Karachi and department of pathology, National Institute of Child Health [NICH], Karachi, to identify the frequency of Hodgkin's disease among Lymphomas, and the frequency and pattern of HD in relation to age and sex. The diagnosis was made primarily on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections and was categorized according to Rye classification. Special stains namely Gomors reticulin were used in some cases showing vague nodularity. The frequency of hodgkin's disease among lymphomas was 49%. The most common histological type was mixed cellularity [51.8%], followed by nodular sclerosis [17.55%], then lymphocyte depletion [16.7%] and lymphocyte predominance [10.2%]. Five [3.6%] cases were unclassifiable. Hodgkin's disease was seen in all age groups with peak incidence during second and third decades. The male and female ratio was 3.7:1 with a distinct male predominance in all types